Manama (Arabic: Al-Manamah) is the capital city of Bahrain and is situated on the Persian Gulf, in the northeast of Bahrain Island. It is Bahrain's largest city with a population of approximately 150,000, roughly one-third of Bahrain's entire population.
    Manama was mentioned in Islamic chronicles at least as far back as 1345. It was taken by the Portuguese in 1521 and then by the Persians in 1602. It has been held, with brief interruptions, by the ruling Al Khalifah dynasty since 1783.

    Modern management in Bahrain dates back to 1919 when the municipality of Manama was established. It was the first administrative event in the Gulf, and the third municipality in the Arab world following Tunisia and Alexandria.

     Manama was declared a free port in 1958, and in 1971 became the capital of independent Bahrain. The economical base for Manama is identical to Bahrain as a whole - petroleum, oil refining, dhow building, fishing and pearl diving. Manama is served by Bahrain International Airport on the island of Al Muharraq, to which it is connected with a causeway. Manama also is home to the University of Bahrain, which was founded in 1986. Al Manamah was also one of the twelve municipalities of Bahrain, and it is now in the Capital Governorate.